Seller Carrier Buyer
 

Export Clearence
Import Clearence



Group E   Departure   Critical Points
Under EXW, the seller minimizes his risk by only making the goods available at his own premises.
EXW  
EX Works  
(...named place)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the buyer
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are at the disposal of the buyer
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are at the disposal of the buyer
 
Group F   Main carriage not paid by seller  
Under F terms, and under FCA unless otherwise agreed, the seller aranges and pays for the pre-carriage in the country of export.
FCA  
Free CArrier  
(...named place)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the buyer or by the seller on the buyer's behalf
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered to the carrier at the named place
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered to the carrier at the named place
     
FAS  
Free Alongside Ship  
(...named port of   shipment)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the buyer
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been placed alongside the ship
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been placed alongside the ship
     
FOB  
Free On Board  
(...named port of   shipment)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the user
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail.
 
Group C   Main carriage paid by seller  
Under C terms, the seller arranges and pays for the main carriage but without assuming the risk of the main carriage
CFR  
Cost and FReight  
(...named post of   destination)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail
  Cost transfer at port of destination, buyer paying such costs as are not for the seller's account under the contract of carriage
     
CIF  
Cost, Insurance and   Freight  
(...named post of   destination)  
  
  Carriage and insurance to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail
  Cost transfer at port of destination, buyer paying such costs as are not for the seller's account under the contract of carriage
     
CPT  
Carriage Paid To  
(...named post of   destination)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered to the carrier
  Cost transfer at port of destination, buyer paying such costs as are not for the seller's account under the contract of carriage
     
CIP  
Carriage and  
Insurance Paid to  
(...named post of   destination)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered to the carrier
  Cost transfer at port of destination, buyer paying such costs as are not for the seller's account under the contract of carriage
 
Group D   Arrival  
Under D Terms, the sellers cost/risk is maximizedbechause he must make the goods available upon arrival at the agreed destination
DAF  
Delivered At Frontier  
(...named place)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods have been delivered at the frontier
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when th goods have been delivered at the frontier
     
DES  
Delivered Ex Ship  
(...named place)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on board the ship
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on board the ship
     
DEQ  
Delivered Ex Quay  
(...named port of   destination)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the quay
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer on the quay
     
DDU  
Delivered Duty Unpaid  
(...named place of   destination)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer
     
DDP  
Delivered Duty Paid  
(...named place of   destination)  
  
  Carriage to be arranged by the seller
  Risk transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer
  Cost transfer from the seller to the buyer when the goods are placed at the disposal of the buyer